Diagnosis of gender gaps in higher education

a case study in the civil construction program at Federico Santa María Technical University

Abstract

The low female participation in the construction industry in Chile is an evident reality that reflects persistent gender gaps influenced by stereotypes and prejudices regarding women's skills. This study aims to understand the gaps and challenges faced by female students of civil construction at the Federico Santa María Technical University, thereby addressing the existing knowledge gap. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology, analyzing eight relevant articles, complemented by a qualitative survey applied to 47 female civil construction students and ten semi-structured interviews with key female students. The results reveal concerns about cultural stigma, peer valuation, and harassment; however, there is also personal interest in entering the field and a positive perception of the support received in the environment. The presence of female role models and meeting spaces could encourage both the entry and retention of women in construction. This study provides an evidence-based approach to understanding and addressing these disparities, suggesting that paying attention to these factors could enhance the inclusion of women in the industry. Future research is recommended to delve deeper into the impact of female role models on attracting and retaining women in construction careers and to implement educational and institutional strategies to mitigate these gaps.