Compartición de noticias en redes sociales. Difusión selectiva y poder social
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.50.27433Palabras clave:
redes sociales, compartición de noticias, Poder Social, noticias duras, noticias blandas, afecto positive, utilidadResumen
Este artículo analiza el modo en el que los diferentes objetivos definidos por la teoría del poder social se relacionan con la forma en la que los ciudadanos comparten noticias. Esta teoría postula que las interacciones entre los individuos persiguen alcanzar determinados objetivos por parte de sus interlocutores (recompensa, coerción, legitimación, identificación y demostración de conocimiento). Se busca identificar cómo influyen en las noticias (duras o blandas, emocionales o útiles) que se comparten y dónde (plataformas abiertas asimétricas, como Facebook o Twitter, basadas en modelos de difusión, o entornos cerrados de difusión selectiva como WhatsApp). Se emplea un método de muestreo de experiencias que recogió información acerca de 830 noticias compartidas por 279 participantes en España. Los objetivos más comunes fueron recompensa, legitimación y demostración de conocimiento. Las redes abiertas asimétricas se emplean para compartir noticias con objetivos proselitistas (convencer, persuadir o corregir). Estos objetivos se buscan mediante la difusión de noticias duras, mientras que las noticias blandas se emplean principalmente para recompensar a los contactos, entendido como una manera de estrechar lazos sociales ya existentes. El aspecto emocional (afecto positivo) de las noticias solo adquiere relevancia si el objetivo es la identificación. En el resto de las ocasiones, se comparten preferentemente noticias consideradas útiles.
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